Torrid Temperatures Accelerate Aging Process in Humans Beyond Causing Deaths
In a groundbreaking study, a research team led by Cui Guo from the University of Hong Kong has uncovered a significant connection between heatwaves and biological aging. The study, published in Nature, sheds light on the long-term effects of heatwaves, particularly in Taiwan.
The study found that every year's worth of heatwaves could add approximately two weeks of aging to a person's body. This effect was more pronounced for manual workers, rural residents, and individuals residing in communities with fewer air conditioners. Older adults, children, and those with chronic diseases also appeared to be disproportionately affected.
Heatwaves, which have become more frequent and intense over the past decade, are causing widespread harm and damage. The study suggests that reducing exposure to heatwaves, whether at home, at work, or across cities, is an important public health investment with lifelong dividends.
The research team used clinical biomarkers related to liver function, inflammation, and blood pressure to calculate each person's biological age. Although the study didn't analyze how this damage occurs, it proposed possible mechanisms such as shortening of telomeres, oxidative DNA damage, and disruption of mitochondria.
The study's findings add to the understanding of the extent and gravity of heat's impact on health, suggesting that the impact can occur at any age and can be lifelong. Heatwaves can leave lasting scars on communities and economies, as evidenced by the extreme heat incidents in India and Pakistan in 2022, which endangered hundreds of millions of people, and the heat dome that pushed temperatures above 49 °C (121 °F) in the Pacific Northwest in 2021, causing hundreds of deaths.
Interestingly, the study showed that there seemed to be some adaptation over time, but it's not clear if this is due to more air conditioners being installed or if people's bodies are adapting. The damage seemed to reduce somewhat over the course of the study.
As the climate continues to heat up, the long-term effects of heatwaves on the body will persist. Recent heatwaves in Southern Europe, where temperatures have soared past 45 °C in several countries, have overwhelmed hospitals and prompted health warnings.
This study serves as another consequence of heatwaves and another problem caused by climate change. As we continue to grapple with the impacts of a warming planet, understanding and addressing the health risks associated with heatwaves is crucial for the well-being of our communities.
